EDUCATION SYSTEM OF USA
STRUCTURE OF AMERICA’S EDUCATION SYSTEM:
http://www.euroeducation.net/prof/usa.htm
Duration of compulsory education:
Age of entry: 5-7
Age of exit: 16-18
Pre-Primary
Type of school providing this education:
A) Kindergarten
B) Nursery Schools
C) Preschool programmes;
D) Child/day Care Centres
Length of program (years): 2
Age level from: 3 to 6
Elementary Schools
-Age level from: 6 to 14
High Schools
-Length of program (years): 6
-Age level from: 13 to 18
Academic year
-Classes from: September to June
University level first stage
-Associate Degree
- Two-year degree at a community or private college
- Types of degrees: Associate of Arts (AA) or Associate of Science (AS)
- Students may continue education by transferring to a four-year college or
university
*Associate degree programs may be transfer programs, equivalent to the first two years of a bachelor’s degree, or terminal programs, which prepare students for specific careers
-Bachelor Degree
- Four-year degree in a specific subject at a college or university.
- Generally a Bachelor’s is divided into two phases
- Foundation course
(Several core subjects e.g. Mathematics, English, humanities etc)
- Student’s chosen subject, otherwise known as a major
- Types of Bachelor’s degrees: Bachelor of Arts (BA), Bachelor of Science
(BS) and more
- Awarded after a certain number of credits and major requirements are
completed. (One course is usually three or four credits)
*Bachelor’s degrees in the US are highly flexible, where students can choose from a wide range of courses.
-Advanced Certificate
- Require a year or less of study
-First Professional Degree
- Required to be academically qualified to practice in certain professions
(E.g. Law, medicine etc.)
- Usually requires a total of at least six years of study including prior college
level work
University level second stage
-Master's Degree
- Takes usually 2 years of full-time study
- Non-research based Master's degree
- Required to complete special project, coursework and examinations
- Research-based Master's degree
- Completion of series of advanced course, seminar requirements,
comprehensive examinations and independent thesis is required
-Post-Master's Degree/Certificate
-Diploma/Certificate,
-Degree of Education Specialist
University level third stage
-Research Doctorate
- Highest degree awarded in research-oriented academic disciplines
- Require exhaustive study and research in at least one sub-field and
professional level competence in several others
- Awarded in the academic disciplines and for theoretical research in some
professional fields
- Completion of examination or coursework, demonstrated mastery of the
chosen subject and the ability to conduct independent, original research is required
Classes in USA
Usually, for most Universities and colleges the year begins in late August or early September and ends in May or June. The academic year is divided into semesters, trimesters or quarter depending on the institution. The semester system divides the year into 2 equal terms of 16 weeks. Each semester is 4 months. Trimester system has three equal terms of 16 weeks each, including a summer term. Quarter system divides the year into 3 equal terms of 11 weeks each.
Classes are lecture-based with practical (lab or practicum in U.S). Printed notes and additional information on topics are given. Professors or advisors are always available to clear doubts. Interaction in class in encouraged.
Each student will be assigned an 'advisor' who is a member of the faculty. This advisor will help the students to select the courses to be taken in each semester, plan the whole program and monitor the students progress. The students register for the particular courses with the permission of the advisors.
Class Size
The average class size at the undergraduate level, in most universities is 100-150 for introductory courses. Advanced level classes will be smaller in size. Master's degree classes have an average of 20 students and Doctoral classes have an average of only 10 students.
Tests
Each semester has an average of 4 tests. Test range in style from multiple choice (objective type) format designed to gauge your knowledge of the subject and reasoning ability to essay or problem-solving type tests. There are 3 kinds of tests - open book tests, closed books tests and take home tests. In the 1st type, you can refer notes, text book, reference material etc during the test. 2nd one is usual tests that we have in India. In the 3rd one you take the question paper home and answer at your convenience before the dead line set by the professor. Take home tests often have essay-based questions.
Non-traditional studies:
-Distance higher education
Distance education is considered to be a vehicle for delivering education to persons whose location, circumstances or work make remote links necessary or convenient. Distance education programmes are accredited by recognized associations and the good programmes benefit from significant recent advances in designing, implementing and monitoring these learning environments and their support tools.
Other forms of non-formal higher education
Many varieties of education and training opportunities exist that are not formally structured, do not result in recognized awards and are not intended to result in transferable credit or professional recognition. They include courses and programmes provided by libraries, museums, parks and recreation authorities, clubs and others that are intended for members or the public.
-Vocational and Technical Institution
These institutes specialize in training for the skilled trades and technical fields of employment. Duration of the courses depends on the particular subject. After completion, they will be awarded a certificate of completion and they can straight away join for a job.
TRAIN UP A CHILD SERIES
PART 1:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1KWSll08XQQ
PART 2:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ut1KQktiUVY&feature=related
PART 3:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iYOWG7RzUoQ&feature=related
PART 4a:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XIdoSzY1ELg&feature=related
PART 4b:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rd7_lApKCjU&feature=related
PART 5:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ku1cyAhGO-g&feature=related
PART 6:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Tm6NpATEuU&feature=related
PART 7a:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e9v1DI78EtE
PART 7b:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CvoQYbHd-nA&feature=related
PART 7c:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tRR9YTM4EGQ&feature=related
DESIRED OUTCOMES OF AMERICA’S EDUCATION:
1) No Child Left Behind (Law)
In January 2002, President Bush signed the "The No Child Left Behind Act." It reauthorized the existing Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA). NCLB made the most sweeping changes in federal law regarding public schools in nearly 40 years.
Goals of the law
NCLB includes significant new accountability measures for all public schools. It is based on the ambitious goal that ALL children will be proficient in reading and math by 2014. By 2006, Missouri must develop new tests in reading and math for grades 3-8, plus one grade level in high school, to measure students’ academic progress. The law requires that all children be taught by “highly qualified” teachers. The law also emphasizes improving communication with parents and making all schools safer for students.
2) Enhancing Individual Creativity
3) Specialization in international business administration, strategical management, marketing systems develop quickly, innovations and inventions are on the top interests for the businessmen. The programs for the student’s education should confer ethical values, with specific functional competencies, leading to a critical thinking, of analysis and problem solving in order to create performance abilities.
THIS IS OUR CHANCE – TEACHING FOR AMERICA:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZxpxGAoNjjA
CHARACTERISTICS OF AMERICA’S EDUCATION SYSTEM:
http://www.euroeducation.net/prof/usa.htm
Duration of compulsory education:
Age of entry: 5-7
Age of exit: 16-18
Pre-Primary
Type of school providing this education:
A) Kindergarten
B) Nursery Schools
C) Preschool programmes;
D) Child/day Care Centres
Length of program (years): 2
Age level from: 3 to 6
Elementary Schools
-Age level from: 6 to 14
High Schools
-Length of program (years): 6
-Age level from: 13 to 18
Academic year
-Classes from: September to June
University level first stage
-Associate Degree
- Two-year degree at a community or private college
- Types of degrees: Associate of Arts (AA) or Associate of Science (AS)
- Students may continue education by transferring to a four-year college or
university
*Associate degree programs may be transfer programs, equivalent to the first two years of a bachelor’s degree, or terminal programs, which prepare students for specific careers
-Bachelor Degree
- Four-year degree in a specific subject at a college or university.
- Generally a Bachelor’s is divided into two phases
- Foundation course
(Several core subjects e.g. Mathematics, English, humanities etc)
- Student’s chosen subject, otherwise known as a major
- Types of Bachelor’s degrees: Bachelor of Arts (BA), Bachelor of Science
(BS) and more
- Awarded after a certain number of credits and major requirements are
completed. (One course is usually three or four credits)
*Bachelor’s degrees in the US are highly flexible, where students can choose from a wide range of courses.
-Advanced Certificate
- Require a year or less of study
-First Professional Degree
- Required to be academically qualified to practice in certain professions
(E.g. Law, medicine etc.)
- Usually requires a total of at least six years of study including prior college
level work
University level second stage
-Master's Degree
- Takes usually 2 years of full-time study
- Non-research based Master's degree
- Required to complete special project, coursework and examinations
- Research-based Master's degree
- Completion of series of advanced course, seminar requirements,
comprehensive examinations and independent thesis is required
-Post-Master's Degree/Certificate
-Diploma/Certificate,
-Degree of Education Specialist
University level third stage
-Research Doctorate
- Highest degree awarded in research-oriented academic disciplines
- Require exhaustive study and research in at least one sub-field and
professional level competence in several others
- Awarded in the academic disciplines and for theoretical research in some
professional fields
- Completion of examination or coursework, demonstrated mastery of the
chosen subject and the ability to conduct independent, original research is required
Classes in USA
Usually, for most Universities and colleges the year begins in late August or early September and ends in May or June. The academic year is divided into semesters, trimesters or quarter depending on the institution. The semester system divides the year into 2 equal terms of 16 weeks. Each semester is 4 months. Trimester system has three equal terms of 16 weeks each, including a summer term. Quarter system divides the year into 3 equal terms of 11 weeks each.
Classes are lecture-based with practical (lab or practicum in U.S). Printed notes and additional information on topics are given. Professors or advisors are always available to clear doubts. Interaction in class in encouraged.
Each student will be assigned an 'advisor' who is a member of the faculty. This advisor will help the students to select the courses to be taken in each semester, plan the whole program and monitor the students progress. The students register for the particular courses with the permission of the advisors.
Class Size
The average class size at the undergraduate level, in most universities is 100-150 for introductory courses. Advanced level classes will be smaller in size. Master's degree classes have an average of 20 students and Doctoral classes have an average of only 10 students.
Tests
Each semester has an average of 4 tests. Test range in style from multiple choice (objective type) format designed to gauge your knowledge of the subject and reasoning ability to essay or problem-solving type tests. There are 3 kinds of tests - open book tests, closed books tests and take home tests. In the 1st type, you can refer notes, text book, reference material etc during the test. 2nd one is usual tests that we have in India. In the 3rd one you take the question paper home and answer at your convenience before the dead line set by the professor. Take home tests often have essay-based questions.
Non-traditional studies:
-Distance higher education
Distance education is considered to be a vehicle for delivering education to persons whose location, circumstances or work make remote links necessary or convenient. Distance education programmes are accredited by recognized associations and the good programmes benefit from significant recent advances in designing, implementing and monitoring these learning environments and their support tools.
Other forms of non-formal higher education
Many varieties of education and training opportunities exist that are not formally structured, do not result in recognized awards and are not intended to result in transferable credit or professional recognition. They include courses and programmes provided by libraries, museums, parks and recreation authorities, clubs and others that are intended for members or the public.
-Vocational and Technical Institution
These institutes specialize in training for the skilled trades and technical fields of employment. Duration of the courses depends on the particular subject. After completion, they will be awarded a certificate of completion and they can straight away join for a job.
TRAIN UP A CHILD SERIES
PART 1:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1KWSll08XQQ
PART 2:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ut1KQktiUVY&feature=related
PART 3:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iYOWG7RzUoQ&feature=related
PART 4a:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XIdoSzY1ELg&feature=related
PART 4b:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rd7_lApKCjU&feature=related
PART 5:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ku1cyAhGO-g&feature=related
PART 6:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Tm6NpATEuU&feature=related
PART 7a:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e9v1DI78EtE
PART 7b:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CvoQYbHd-nA&feature=related
PART 7c:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tRR9YTM4EGQ&feature=related
DESIRED OUTCOMES OF AMERICA’S EDUCATION:
1) No Child Left Behind (Law)
In January 2002, President Bush signed the "The No Child Left Behind Act." It reauthorized the existing Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA). NCLB made the most sweeping changes in federal law regarding public schools in nearly 40 years.
Goals of the law
NCLB includes significant new accountability measures for all public schools. It is based on the ambitious goal that ALL children will be proficient in reading and math by 2014. By 2006, Missouri must develop new tests in reading and math for grades 3-8, plus one grade level in high school, to measure students’ academic progress. The law requires that all children be taught by “highly qualified” teachers. The law also emphasizes improving communication with parents and making all schools safer for students.
2) Enhancing Individual Creativity
3) Specialization in international business administration, strategical management, marketing systems develop quickly, innovations and inventions are on the top interests for the businessmen. The programs for the student’s education should confer ethical values, with specific functional competencies, leading to a critical thinking, of analysis and problem solving in order to create performance abilities.
THIS IS OUR CHANCE – TEACHING FOR AMERICA:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZxpxGAoNjjA
CHARACTERISTICS OF AMERICA’S EDUCATION SYSTEM:
a) Enhancing Individual Creativity in American Business and Education.
b) Hidden Curriculum
1. Non-academic values, norms, beliefs, and attitudes
2. Teaches children discipline, order, cooperativeness, and conformity.
3. Skills thought necessary to assist students to fit into modern bureaucratic
society.
society.
4. Children learning “their place” in the larger work-a-day world.
c) Mass Education
People in the U.S. have a basic faith in education. 2. A democratic society requires an educated citizenry so that individuals can participate in the decisions of public policy. 3. As a result of the goal of mass education, an increasing proportion of people have received an education throughout U.S. history.
AMERICA’S EDUCATION CRISIS:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V8vcl17SPsM
CRITQUE:
Negative
1) Lack of critical thinking skills, which produces students who do not know how to question the “system” for what it truly is, but rather constantly take the context of things presented as fact (e.g. Two-party political system)
2) A second negative aspect of the American education system is what it does to the human mind. It essentially takes the mind and makes it into a factory that is able to take in information and then spit it back out.
3) The Decline of Creativity in the United States
Positive:
1) Offer students the widest choice of study options
2) Because of the vast wealth of resources in America, the opportunities for practical training related to your field of study are vast.
3) Many universities incorporate the latest technology into their curriculum, encouraging students to obtain proficiency before they go out into the workplace. Specialized technology, such as the newest medical equipment in medical schools, allows each student to maximize their true potential and gain experience that is marketable in the real world.
EXTRA VIDEOS (do watch):
A TALE OF TWO SCHOOLS:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5xdfVAPvv9A&feature=related
TALE OF TWO SCHOOLS:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KEdcdHh8tEY&feature=related
EMPTY DREAMS: THE PLIGHT OF URBAN SCHOOLS:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BKEOcEJInKU&feature=related
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V8vcl17SPsM
CRITQUE:
Negative
1) Lack of critical thinking skills, which produces students who do not know how to question the “system” for what it truly is, but rather constantly take the context of things presented as fact (e.g. Two-party political system)
2) A second negative aspect of the American education system is what it does to the human mind. It essentially takes the mind and makes it into a factory that is able to take in information and then spit it back out.
3) The Decline of Creativity in the United States
Positive:
1) Offer students the widest choice of study options
2) Because of the vast wealth of resources in America, the opportunities for practical training related to your field of study are vast.
3) Many universities incorporate the latest technology into their curriculum, encouraging students to obtain proficiency before they go out into the workplace. Specialized technology, such as the newest medical equipment in medical schools, allows each student to maximize their true potential and gain experience that is marketable in the real world.
EXTRA VIDEOS (do watch):
A TALE OF TWO SCHOOLS:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5xdfVAPvv9A&feature=related
TALE OF TWO SCHOOLS:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KEdcdHh8tEY&feature=related
EMPTY DREAMS: THE PLIGHT OF URBAN SCHOOLS:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BKEOcEJInKU&feature=related
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